Acerca de los costos de transporte marítimo, su evolución y pronósticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25043/19098642.57Palabras clave:
transporte marítimo, coste, globalización, costes de operación, opexResumen
En los pasados años de euforia económica, la globalización, motor del desarrollo, ha sido posible gracias a la existencia de un transporte marítimo rápido, eficiente y económico, propiciado por un desarrollo tecnológico basado en las economías de escala, la mejora de los medios de carga y descarga y la especialización. Ello ha permitido poner en el mercado buques con costes muy competitivos, cuyo incremento, en un boyante mercado de fletes parecía no preocupar demasiado, por lo que no se le hizo frente con la necesaria firmeza. Hoy en día, las cosas han cambiado: los fletes se han hundido, los precios de los buques han caído y la crisis ha alcanzado a los navieros. Los costes, sin embargo, han seguido su línea ascendente, con la excepción del año 2009, en el que, por primera vez en diez años, se experimentóuna reducción sensible de los costes de operación. En el trabajo se analiza la evolución de los principales componentes del coste del transporte marítimo, la situación actual de éstos, así como las previsiones para el futuro próximo.Descargas
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