Avances en la estimación de la resistencia de catamaranes
Palabras clave:
catamarán, resistencia al avance, CFDResumen
Los cascos tipo catamarán han sido usados desde tiempos remotos, sin embargo, casi siempre han estado restringidos a embarcaciones menores. Recientemente se ha constatado un crecimiento masivo de este tipo de embarcaciones en la industria de ferris, naves deportivas y de placer. El uso de materiales compuestos y de aluminio, sumado a mayor potencia, han permitido que los rangos de operación se desarrollen en velocidades altas. Uno de los desafíos que deben enfrentar los arquitectos navales que proyectan estas naves, es estimar con suficiente exactitud la resistencia de los cascos al avance, una tarea para nada trivial pues hasta hoy subsiste un cierto grado de incertidumbre, articularmente debido a la interacción que es posible constatar entre ellos.En el presente trabajo se muestran los progresos en los métodos de evaluación de la resistencia al avance en embarcaciones multicasco, particularmente la de un catamarán, obtenida por dinámica de fluidos computacional –CFD–, y por ensayo en canal de pruebas hidrodinámicas realizado por la Universidad Austral de Chile. Además, se presenta un método basado en ecuaciones de regresiones para el cálculo del coeficiente de resistencia de olas de catamaranes con cascos redondos en un régimen de velocidad de semidesplazamiento.
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García, J.; Luco, R.; Salas, M.; López, M.; and Oñate, E. (2002), “An Advanced finite element method for fluid-dynamic analysis of America’s Cup boat”. Aukcland, New Zealand 2002.
Larsson, L. (1993), Resistance and Flow Predictions Using Shipflow Code. 19th Wegemt School, Nantes, France.
Molland, A. F., Wellicome, J. F. and Couser, P. R. 1994), “Resistance Experiments on a Systematic Series of High Speed Displacement Catamaran Forms: Variation of Length-Displacement Ratio and Breadth-Draft Ratio”, Ship Science Report n.º 71, University of Southampton, UK.
Sahoo P. K., Browne N. and Salas M. (2004, september), “Experimental and CFD Study of Wave Resistance of High-Speed Round Bilge Catamaran Hull Forms”. Proceedings of 4th International Conference on High Performance Marine Vehicles, Rome, Italy.
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